Soap

OBJECTIVE: Know how to do soap and produce it

MATERIAL:

• A beaker of 600 mL
• Gloves
• Goggles
• Glass road
• Spatula
• NaOH
• Distiller water
• Oil
• Tests tube
• Bunsen burner
• Clock glass

PROCEDURE: We have made three different experiments to produce soap

First procedure

  Material: 500 mL of oil, 183g of distilled water, 63g of NaOH, 35mL of an essence, a spatula and an      erlenmeyer

 Procedure: 

1. Firstly we have to weight out the necessary quantity of NaOH and then we dissolve it with the distilled water.
2. Secondly we add it in an erlenmeyer and we mixes with oil
3. Finally we add the essence that we want fou our soap.

                                                           

Second procedure

  Material: 50 mL of oil and 20g of NaOH of distilled water

  Procedure: 

1. We make a dissolution of NaOH and water
2. From this mixture we only take 50 mL
3. Then we add the oil and we mix it
4.  Finally we have to heat it. We can also add an essence

                                                           

Third procedure

  Material: 20g of NaOH, 80g of distilled water and 2mL of oil

  Procedure: 

1. We dissolve NaOH with distilled water
2. In a test tube we have put 2mL of that dissolution and 2mL of oil
3. We have made two test tubes like this
4. We can add an essence
5. We hit it in a "bany maria", a water bath

                                                 

QUESTIONS:

1. What is the soap? The soap is a chemical compound that is obtained when one makes react an oily acid with an alkali 
2. Which is the reaction that we have done? The reaction is called saponification
3. What capes we have produced? We have produced two capes. Above soap and below oil and glycerin that didn't react yet.
4. Formulate the reaction of it.