ONION / MICROSCOPE

OBJECTIVES:

• Using a microscope
• See the differences between animal and plants cells
• See and onion in a microscope

ONION MATERIAL:                                                                    

• 
• Microscope
• Knife
• Safranina tint
• H2O
• Forceps
• Onion

MICROSCOPE MATERIAL:

• Microscope
• Samples of animal and plants cells

ONION PROCEDURE:

1. Make an epidermis cut at the onion
2. Clean the piece of onion
3. Tint the piece with safranina
4. Clean the piece with H2O
5. Put it in ???

MICROSCOPE PROCEDURE:

1. Put the samples in different microscope and observe the difference of the animal and plants cells

QUESTIONS:

• Parts of a microscope

                                   

• Differences between a microscope and a loupe: The fundamental difference is the increase. A magnifying glass increases what you are looking between 10 and 100 times. At an optical microscope allows to see structures like cells and single-cell parasites or bacteria and fungi.
• How the microscopes of the lab augment? 
• Diferences between an animal and a plant cell. The plant cells have geometrical forms, and they are disposed in an organized way, however, the animal cells have different forms among them.

        

DNA

OBJECTIVE: See the DNA of a banana and a kiwi

MATERIAL:

•                 
• Mortar
• Strainer
• Filter paper
• Spatula
• Beaker
• 100g of banana
• Microscope
• Alcohol
• Pineapple juice
• Funnel
• 1/2 kiwi
• Sodium chloride
• H2O
• Ethanol 96º
• Pestle
• Balance
• Graduated cylinder
• Pipette

PROCEDURE: The same for the banana and the kiwi. I'm going to explain the procedure of the banana.

1. We have to weigh 100g of banana
2. In a mortar we grind the banana up to the point that the banana becames juice
3. In a beaker we put 100mL of H2O, 10 mL of soap and 3g of sodium chloride and add the banana.
4. We strain the mixture with the strainer. We use a spatula to make it easier.   
5. We strain the mixture again with the filter paper and with the funnel in a 200mL graduated cylinder. 
6. With the pipette add 1mL of pineapple juice.
7. Then add 6mL of ethanol 96º. When we put it into the test tub, the ethanol 96º has to touch the side of the test tube.
8. We will see that the DNA separates from the cell. 
9. We catch the DNA with a spatula and we put it in the microscope. We will see the DNA.

               

QUESTIONS:

Com s'aconsegueix alliberar el DNA de les membranes que l'envolten.

S'aconsegueix afegint sabó

Per a què s'utilitza el suc de pinya?
Serveix per trencar les proteïnes anomenades histones

Com aconseguim la precipitació del DNA dispers?

Afegint ethanol 96º, que separa el DNA i això fa que el poguem veure.

MILK

- OBJECTIVE: Watch the properties of the milk
- PROCEDURE:

1. First we take a beaker and inside the beaker we put 200ml of milk and we put the beaker a 40 degrees.

• The density of the milk is 1,03g and with this information we need to calculate which quantity of caseind we need

LLET	PROVA	RESULTAT
PH	Papers de PH	6-7
Proteïnes	Test biuret	+
Midó	Lugol	-
Greixos	Sudan III	+
Glúcids reductors	Fehling	+